Note: This is an annotated version of my letter to alumni, with citations in red text. For the letter as it was originally formatted, go to: http://www.stephensmithtrustee.com/letter2.pdf

 

To my fellow Dartmouth graduates:

 

            Today, Dartmouth is a strong and vibrant institution, the more so because alumni—often teaming up with students—have learned to exert pressure when administrators err. The examples are endless: the reinstatement of the swim team, the end of the “Student Life Initiative” aimed at weakening fraternities and sororities, the return of ROTC to campus, keeping Sanborn Library open, and the rejection of the misguided view that football and other athletics programs are “antithetical” to Dartmouth’s educational mission. Make no mistake: Alumni opinion can make a difference.

 

            If you want a Trustee who will support the administration no matter what, then I’m not the candidate for you. Similarly, if you believe that seats on the half of the Board elected by alumni should be rewards for big donations, then, once again, I’m not the candidate for you.

 

            If, however, you believe that what we need from Trustees is ideas and critical independence—that Trustees should have a deep understanding of all that makes Dartmouth so special and the willingness to fight to preserve it—then please read on, because I would like to earn your vote.

 

My Journey to Hanover

 

            The path that took me to Hanover almost a quarter of a century ago was anything but ordinary. I grew up in the inner city of Washington, D.C. My disabled mother raised my three siblings and me alone, relying on public assistance. A black kid growing up on welfare in a broken home—my future, any sociologist would have told you, could never have included an Ivy League degree or a tenured position at a Top Ten law school.[1]

 

 

            But my mother refused to tolerate self-pity. “You’re a welfare recipient,” she would tell me, “but be the best anyway.” Throughout my youth, my mother repeated that lesson, insisting that I remain in school, taking my education seriously. Be the best. I had many fine options for college. I chose the best. I chose Dartmouth.

 

            During my four years in Hanover, my love of Dartmouth grew deep. Studying history and philosophy, my majors; playing freshman football and basketball; making friends at my freshman dorm, Richardson Hall, and my fraternity, Sigma Nu: These experiences enabled a shy black kid from a poor neighborhood to acquire a trained mind, self-confidence, and friendships that endure to this day.

 

            Since graduating from the College, I have clerked at the United States Supreme Court, practiced law at leading firms in Washington, D.C., become a full professor of law at the University of Virginia, and served on roughly a dozen non-profit boards and government commissions—all as my wife and I raised our five boys.[2]

 

            Dartmouth helped me to be the best I could be. Now I’d like to repay my debt to the College.

 

 

Let Dartmouth be Dartmouth

 

            As an independent candidate, I owe my place on the ballot to my fellow alumni—to the thousands of you who signed petitions on my behalf—not to any official vetting committee. I am therefore free to tell you exactly where I stand on the issues facing the College.

 

            Dartmouth, I believe, is at its greatest when it is true to itself; when it dares to be different and aims for nothing short of excellence in everything it does. Instead of distancing itself from its historic “small college” mission, the College needs boldly to embrace it—and, with it, the underlying conviction that Dartmouth can have no higher priority than its undergraduates.

 

            By recommitting itself to these values—by letting Dartmouth be Dartmouth—the College can achieve new heights of greatness.

 

            A “small college” just doesn’t need a bloated bureaucracy. The current administration has chosen to invest in sprawling bureaucracy. It has done so at the expense of academics and other areas that directly benefit students.

 

            Over the last six years, a period during which total inflation was only 17.1%[3], the administrative budget grew a staggering 79.8%.[4] As Professor Hoyt Alverson wrote in an open letter to President Wright in January 2003, this was a period that saw “[s]ignificant cuts . . . in the instructional budgets of academic departments, in the number of courses departments and programs can offer, in library acquisitions, and in recreational and varsity sports, to name a few examples.”[5]

 

            Even with subsequent increases in funding for the slashed academic and athletic programs mentioned by Professor Alverson, the bureaucracy has still come out far ahead.

 

            The 2006 report of the College’s consulting firm, McKinsey & Co., bears this out. Over the last five years, the administration has created more than twice as many new positions in the administration (“111 new positions”) as on the faculty of Arts and Sciences (“50 new positions”).[6] So the bureaucracy is growing faster than the faculty. Moreover, during the same period, the McKinsey report finds, “[a]dministrative compensation grew more quickly than . . . faculty compensation.”[7]  Furthermore, between 1996 and 2006, while the undergraduate student body remained roughly the same size, the size of the administration more than doubled.[8]

 

            At a time when students are complaining of large class sizes and insufficient course offerings,[9] it makes far more sense to hire more professors than to hire more administrators – and to increase pay to attract and retain the nation’s best teachers and researchers. At a time when the cost of a Dartmouth education is at an all-time high,[10] increasing scholarship assistance for poor and middle-class families is a better use of scarce resources than piling on Assistant Deans, Vice Presidents, public-relations professionals, “Community Directors,” and support staff for all of them.

 

            At a “small college,” undergraduate teaching comes first.  Large, crowded lecture halls, though perhaps acceptable in certain introductory-level courses, used to be the exception. The rule was that students would be taught in the small, intimate settings that are most conducive to learning—and taught by accomplished scholars employed as tenured or tenure-track professors, not graduate students, part-time instructors, or short-term visitors.

 

            Today, the College is becoming more and more like a large research university—like the “university in all but name” that President Wright has proclaimed Dartmouth to be.[11]

 

            As a January 28, 2005 editorial in The Dartmouth noted, “many Dartmouth students find it hard to fully partake in the ‘small school’ academic experience for which the College is renowned.”[12]  These difficulties have manifested themselves in a variety of ways:

 

            Students shut out of courses. This phenomenon has become so common that students are now required select a backup course for every enrollment-capped course they want to take.[13] As The Dartmouth noted in its January 2005 editorial, students “linger on lengthy waitlists for courses offered by small and large departments alike” while some “have even resorted to buying spots from other students.”[14]  One member of the Class of 2006 wrote an op-ed in The Dartmouth describing his troubling “oversubscription odyssey”[15] during his junior year, in which he got none of his top twelve choices for classes in four different departments.[16]

 

            In popular majors, class sizes have increased.  Even when they aren’t shut out of the courses they want, students today often find themselves in large lecture courses.  According to The Dartmouth, “some students have to sit in aisles or stand in the back of lecture halls that are filled beyond capacity to take courses needed to graduate.”[17]  As he or she signs up for classes, a Dartmouth student today stands only a one in three chance of landing in a class with fewer than 20 students.[18]  Among the Ivy League, Dartmouth is now tied with Harvard for next-to-last place in student-faculty ratio.[19]

 

            The rise of the “rent-a-prof.” Professor of Economics Meir Kohn, one of the most respected figures on campus, has condemned the administration’s use of part-time instructors and visiting faculty to teach courses at Dartmouth. “[T]o promote good teaching,” Professor Kohn wrote in May 2005, “the first thing the College should do is replace ‘guest worker’ visiting faculty with regular faculty.[20]  Despite much-needed recent faculty hires, the total Dartmouth faculty is actually smaller than it was in 1996[21]—while the bureaucracy has more than doubled in size.[22]

 

            Dartmouth students should be able to get the courses they want, when they want them—and they shouldn’t have to sit in crowded lecture halls to do so. Students deserve the opportunity to be taught by our finest teachers and researchers. Dartmouth students paying Dartmouth tuition—now more than $45,000 a year[23]—should be taught by Dartmouth professors.

 

            At a “small college,” students should be treated with respect. How could it be otherwise when undergraduates are the very reason Dartmouth exists? Nevertheless, the administration has taken a needlessly punitive approach to students. The administration causes an alarming number of students to be arrested by local police for social drinking on campus.[24] Those students lucky enough to avoid arrest may well face disciplinary action–and literally hundreds of Dartmouth students are disciplined, or even “Parkhursted,” every year, mostly for social drinking on campus.[25]

 

            To allay student fears of being Parkhursted or otherwise unfairly disciplined, the Student Assembly convened a task force to review the College’s disciplinary procedures. After months of study, the task force issued a report last year recommending eight changes designed to guarantee students basic due process rights.[26] Among these are the right to question witnesses against accused students and to be represented by counsel or another representative in all “closed” hearings. The Task Force also asked for the College to release demographic data so that the Student Assembly could ensure that minorities are treated fairly in the disciplinary process.

 

            The administration has refused even to consider these reforms at this time.[27] In the words of the Acting Dean of the College, what matters is that the administration’s disciplinary procedures “regularly receive accolades from other institutions and at meetings of professional associations.”[28] An attitude that defers to the views of “professional associations” while rejecting those of Dartmouth undergraduates asking the College for help? That, too, must go—and, along with it, the unfair procedures that cause well-intentioned students to fear getting disciplined without just cause.

 

Our Values, Our College

 

            These priorities, I believe, reflect the values that made Dartmouth great, and our years in Hanover some of the best of our lives. They are the values that made me the man I am today and allowed me to succeed against the odds. These values simply must be protected.

 

            A word about the tone of this campaign. During my most recent visit to Hanover last month, a senior administrator warned me in private that “things will get ugly” for me if I keep speaking out. Unfortunately, he was right. Personal attacks have already marred what should be a cordial debate among alumni. I intend to keep talking about what’s best for Dartmouth—and ignoring insults—fully confident, as I am, that alumni will vote on the issues.

 

            Once again, balloting begins on April 1st and ends on May 15th. You will be able to vote either over the Internet or, using the ballot you will receive from the College, by mail. Whichever means you choose, please cast your ballot. The College we love needs your input.

 

            For my part, I would be deeply honored to receive your vote. If in the next few weeks you have any questions for me, please call me or e-mail me. I’m eager to listen—and to serve.

 

Very truly yours,

 

/s/ Stephen F. Smith ’88



[1] For a profile of my background, see The Washington Post’s May 19, 1992, article entitled “D.C. Child Leapt from the Depths of Welfare to the Top of Law School Class.”  A copy of the article is available on my website at: http://www.stephensmithtrustee.com/my-bio.

[2] From 2000-04, I served as Chairman of the U.S. Civil Rights Reviewing Authority, having been appointed to that post by then-U.S. Education Secretary Rodney Paige. I have been twice elected by my county board of supervisors to serve as a community representative on the Police Citizens Advisory Committee. I have served on the Executive Committee of the Charlottesville/Albemarle United Way, and currently am serving a second term on its Board of Directors. I also serve on a number of other nonprofit boards, including the regional chapter of the Multiple Sclerosis Society and the local YMCA, and was recently reelected as an officer and elected a director of my local Rotary Club.  I was a founding director on the boards of two different nonprofit relief agencies dedicated to serving impoverished communities in Haiti.

 

[3] See the http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl.

 

[4] The College’s financial statements and annual reports list $16,884,000 and $30,536,000 in the “Administration” budget lines for 1999-2000 and 2005-06, respectively – an increase of 80.8%, slightly more than the 79.2% figure given in the text.  The financial statements and annual reports give the following figures for spending on “Administration”:

 

1996-97

$13,742,000

 

1997-98

$14,183,000

+3.2%

1998-99

$16,807,000

+18.5%

1999-2000

$16,884,000

+0.5%

2000-01

$20,466,000

+21.2%

2001-02

$25,339,000

+23.8%

2002-03

$26,470,000

+4.5%

2003-04

$26,780,000

+1.2%

2004-05

$28,972,000

+8.2%

2005-06

$30,536,000

+5.4%

 

[5] The letter by Professor Alverson quoted in the text can be found on the website of The Dartmouth Observer at: http://dartobserver.blogspot.com/2003_01_01_dartobserver_archive.html.  Once you’re on that page, scroll down to the blog post dated Sunday, January 12, 2003, entitled “The Problem with Percentages.”  The Alverson letter appears there.  For a press interview with Professor Alverson about his letter and the budgetary problems he identified, see the student article entitled “Concealing the Budget: Oops, Forgot to Carry the One” at http://dartreview.com/archives/2003/05/12/concealing_the_budget_oops_forgot_to_carry_the_one.php.

 

[6] The quote comes from the Executive Summary of the McKinsey Report.  (The administration has declined to release the full report.)  The Executive Summary is available on the College’s website at http://www.dartmouth.edu/~presoff/report/summary.html.  As one a member of the Class of 2008 lamented in The Dartmouth’s February 2, 2007 issue: “Why, at a college known for the excellence of its professors and the quality of its students, is it the administration that continues to grow while academic departments are strapped and scrapped?”

 

[7] This is a direct quote from the Executive Summary of the McKinsey  Report.  See Footnote 6 above.

 

[8] According to the College’s own financial statements, $30,536,000 was spent on “Administration,” more than double the $13,742,000 spent for “Administration” in 1996-97.  See Footnote 4 above.

 

[9] For a representative sample of student complaints about class size and course availability, see, for example, "Majors in high demand face teacher shortages," The Dartmouth, Jan. 14, 2005; "Recent hirings do little to relieve crowded departments," The Dartmouth, Jan. 24, 2005; Editorial, "Verbum Ultimum," The Dartmouth, Jan. 28, 2005; "Students find promises of small class size unfulfilled," The Dartmouth, Feb. 3, 2005; "Oversubscription Odyssey,” The Dartmouth, Apr. 12, 2005.

 

[10] See http://www.dartmouth.edu/~vox/0607/0402/bot.html: “The Board set the College's tuition for the 2007-2008 academic year at $34,965, an increase of 5 percent (or $1,668) over the current year's tuition rate.  With room, board, and mandatory fees, next year's overall charges will be $45,483.  The rates apply to all undergraduates as well as students in the arts and sciences and Thayer School of Engineering graduate programs.  Dartmouth Medical School will see a 5 percent tuition increase, and the Tuck School of Business a 5.8 percent increase.”

 

[11] See, for example, http://www.dartmouth.edu/~presoff/speeches/1998/0406.html: “Dartmouth is a research university in all but name, and we are not going to be deflected from our purposes.”  In this speech, delivered on April 6, 1998, President Wright went even farther: “My vision of Dartmouth is of a research community . . . A place marked by learning rather than teaching. . . . The American research university is the most successful in the world. . .”  Under this self-described “vision,” Dartmouth is fundamentally a “research community,” not an institution devoted primarily to undergraduate teaching.

 

[12] See Editorial, "Verbum Ultimum," The Dartmouth, Jan. 28, 2005.

 

[13] See http://www.dartmouth.edu/~ugar/premajor/faculty/handbook/placement.html: “Students elect their course choices through the BannerStudent system.  (www.dartmouth.edu/bannerstudent).  Students request the courses they would like to take.  For any course that has limited enrollment, the system will request that a student enter an alternate choice.”  (Emphasis added.)

 

[14] See "Verbum Ultimum," The Dartmouth, Jan. 28, 2005.

 

[15] See Alex Tonelli ‘06, "Oversubscription Odyssey, The Dartmouth, April 12, 2005.

 

[16] As a member of the Class of 2006 wrote in response to efforts to minimize the problem of students getting shut out of courses:

 

“[I]t remains a fact that a nauseating number of students end up on the waitlist of many social science courses — more courses than Professor Sa’adah (‘Debunking the Drift Myth,’ March 4) or Dean Folt (‘The Fact of the Matter,’ March 3) have cared to acknowledge.  In reality, students are lucky if they can get into any 30s/50s government or 20s economics classes in a given term.  Seven out of eleven non-senior government courses offered next spring will be at or above their cap, and economics is worse off.  Although Sa’adah claims that ‘many’ classes exist that don’t push their cap (four, doing the math), she declines to mention that her department’s definition of a ‘cap’ is usually fifty students.  Hardly a bragging matter.  One would expect this of large universities — not Dartmouth.”

 

The Dartmouth, Mar. 7, 2005.  (Emphasis added.)

 

[17] The quotes in the text come from The Dartmouth’s editorial entitled "Verbum Ultimum," dated Jan. 28, 2005.

 

[18] As reported in an article entitled “Dartmouth by Numbers” in the May 28, 2006 issue of The Dartmouth: “In the 2004-05 academic year, an individual Dartmouth student had only a 32.6% chance of being in a course with under 20 students.”  The article goes on to say: “The odds were 28.5 percent of being in a class with 20-39 students; 22.8 percent of being in a class of 40-74 students; and 16.1 percent of having more than 75 students in a class.”  The author of “Dartmouth by Numbers,” Joseph Asch ’79, received his data from Provost Barry Scherr.  More recent data haven’t been released at this time.

 

[19] According to the 2007 edition of The Princeton Review’s Complete Book of Colleges, four Ivies have lower student-faculty ratios than Dartmouth (Columbia, Penn, Princeton, and Yale) and only two (Brown and Cornell) have higher ratios.  Dartmouth and Harvard stand tied at 8:1.

 

[20] The Dartmouth, May 18, 2005.

 

[21] I measured change in the size of the faculty by comparing the total number of persons listed in the College’s Faculty Directory as members of the Arts & Sciences faculty at two different points in time.  I found that the total number of faculty in Arts & Sciences – that is, tenured and tenure-track faculty and their full-time equivalents (i.e., visiting faculty from other institutions and adjunct instructors) – dropped from 624 in 1996 to 575 in 2006.

 

[22] See Footnote 8 above.  Consider the following as examples of the tremendous administrative growth that has taken place.  The Dean of the College office had sixteen full-time equivalents (FTEs) in 1996; in 2006, it had twenty-six.  Even though the Dean of the Faculty is only a half-time position, the Office of the Dean of the Faculty nearly doubled in size, going from fourteen FTEs in 1996 to twenty-seven and a half in 2006.  The Office of Student Life tripled in size over the same period, jumping from three FTEs to nine.  Comparing 1996 to 2006, the staffing in the Provost’s Office increased from six and a half FTEs to eleven and a half.

 

[23] See Footnote 10 above.

 

[24] See “Thirsty for a Reasonable Alcohol Policy,” The Dartmouth, Feb. 16, 2007.  Arrest statistics for drinking at Dartmouth and other colleges and universities can be found on the website of the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Post-Secondary Education: http://ope.ed.gov/security/InstIdCrime.asp?CRITERIA=R.

 

[25] The following chart, reporting data provided to me by the College, shows the total number of disciplinary cases for five of the last six years and the number of those cases that involved alcohol violations:

 

                        Disciplinary Cases         Alcohol Violations

2001-02             490                               341

2002-03             588                               438

2003-04             588                               400

2004-05             666                               467

 

            To put these numbers in perspective, consider the following observation from an article by The Dartmouth dated October 17, 2006 concerning the significance of the disciplinary statistics for 2004-05: this “means that greater than one out of every eight Dartmouth students was punished by Dartmouth’s disciplinary system in that year alone.” The Dartmouth, Oct. 17, 2006. (Emphasis added.)

 

[26] The report of the Student Assembly’s COS Task Force is available at: http://www.dartmouth.edu/~belinsky/COS.pdf.

 

[27] The following account comes from an op-ed entitled “Overseeing COS Reform” by the Chair of the COS Task Force in The Dartmouth’s April 12, 2007 issue:

 

“Students on campus care deeply about the College’s disciplinary system in general and the Committee on Standards specifically.  Last fall I was the chair of a Student Assembly task force that, after conducting several interviews, focus groups and investigations over the course of six months, produced a report, which received near universal support from members of the Assembly, outlining recommendations to the Dean of the College for COS reform.  Since then, Acting Dean Dan Nelson has decided to postpone any action to improve the COS until the next Dean of the College takes office, a decision I understand but have come to believe was unwise.”

 

[28] See: Letter from Dan Nelson, Acting Dean of the College, to leaders of the Student Assembly’s COS Task Force.